Clean FRCS notes with inline figures
Mostly asymptomatic
•Secondary ossification center failed to unite in childhood (usually ossify at age 9yo)
•Abnormal insertion of PTT
Pain source:
•Repeated microfracture of synchondrosis
•PTT insertion inflammation
Rigid flatfoot pathogenesis:
•PTT insert to accessory navicular → change in PTT pull
•Midfoot adduction → accessory navicular impingement onto MM → PTT pain → patient adopt a forefoot abduction
XR classification:
•Ray and Goldberg
•I Ossicle in PTT
•II Synchondrosis
•III Synostosis
Management
•Nonop
•Asymptomatic
•Mild- donut shaped moleskin
•Severe- cast 6 weeks then UCBL
•Operation
Indication: refractory to cast/ brace
•Kidner procedure
•Remove accessory navicular at synchondrosis
•Reattach PTT (advance distal and plantar? Controversial)
